摂食障害患者に対する管理栄養士の介入状況についての実態調査

Abstract

Eating disorder (ED) is a disease that relates to “eating,” but very few patients with ED receive nutritional guidance by registered dietitians (RDs) in Japan. The aim of this study was to conduct a survey on the present status of nutritional guidance provided to patients with ED by RDs in Japan. We gathered research data by distributing a questionnaire to 155 RDs who had worked in medical institutions where patients with ED were treated, mainly in the Kinki region in Japan. About 64 % of RDs who answered had the chance of providing nutritional guidance to patients with ED. RDs were most frequently committed to doctors and nurses. The contents of nutritional guidance were mainly to provide energy-controlling food, patients’ desired food, a normal amount of daily food or half the normal amount of daily food. The difficult points of nutritional guidance for patients with ED were to communicate with the patients in a receptive attitude, to acquire knowledge of food that was appropriate for patients with ED, and to communicate with patients’ families smoothly. Some RDs thought there were almost no chances to study how to provide appropriate nutritional guidance to patients with ED. About 50 % of RDs wanted to continue providing nutritional guidance to patients with ED. The method of nutritional guidance to patients with ED is different from that of general nutritional guidance. RDs should not only have expert knowledge of food and nutrition, but also understand the characteristics of patients with ED in advance.