｢（非）記憶する文化」と日吉台地下壕における言説の結果

Abstract

This paper examines the history of the Hiyoshidai tunnels, five-kilometers of concrete bunkers used as the headquarters of the Japanese Imperial Navyʼs Combined Fleet from 1944 and located mainly under Keio Universityʼs Hiyoshi Campus in Yokohama. Public interest in the site increased in the 1990s amid a background of national civic movements to preserve the material remains of World War II called “sensō iseki” (war sites). Yet differences over remembrance for the war and the historical identity of Hiyoshi led to conflict over whether to recognize the Hiyoshidai tunnels as heritage and cultural properties. This paper traces the origins of these memory debates by examining the influence of competing historical discourses on the war and the Hiyoshi site, as well as their heterogeneous and cumulative effects on the physical and mnemonic landscape there, in a process that it terms “cultures of (dis)remembrance.” The paper shows that it was within such discursive spaces that actors including university presidents, city officials, and civic preservationists engaged in shaping, negotiating, and transmitting historical memories for the tunnels, and it argues that the ongoing impacts of this continue to resonate today.