京阪神地域における大衆食堂経営主の生活史と同郷ネットワーク : 「力餅食堂」を事例に

Abstract

People who migrated from rural area to urban area after the war were employed by companies. Consequently, they were being isolated from local communities. These migrants were generally seen as ‘new urban middle class’. However, in reality, certain amount of migrants entered urban self-employed class during their job hunting in urban area after their compulsory education. These migrants became the main residents in urban local communities after the war. This article aims to clarify the life histories of urban self-employed entrepreneurs who migrated from rural area during the post war high economic growth period from the angle of compatriot network.. ‘Chikaramochi Shokudou’ is a Bistro with 130 years history. The Bistro was a ‘Manjuu’（bun） shop started by Rikizou Ikeguchi in Toyooka city in Meji22 （1889）. In Taishou era, sweets, noodles, bowls of rice were added into the menu, and gradually ‘Chikaramochi Shokudo’ expanded its stores in Keihanshin Metropolitan, based on the ‘Norenwake’ system. ‘Norenwake’ system is a business system which allows trainees to set up their own business using the name ‘Chikaramochi Shokudou’. Most masters of the ‘Chikaramochi Shokudou’ were people from Tajiima, the same hometown of Rikizou Ikeguchi. They made used their compatriot networks for their chain migration to urban area and set up their own ‘Chikaramochi Shokudou’ business after a specified period of live-in training under their master’s house. This paper used both quality and quantity methods to analyze the life histories of ‘Chikaramochi Shokudou’ entrepreneurs, especially focusing the period between urban migration and starting new business of the first generation entrepreneurs.