陰膳方式食物収集による日本人の栄養調査 : 血清脂質と栄養摂取量

Abstract

Nutrient intake was surveyed by total food duplicate method in combination with serum biochemistry among adult Japanese women. The survey was conducted twice in the same 19 sites all over Japan, once in the years around 1980 (the first survey on 199 women) and then in 1991-6 (the second survey on 379 women). The participants 19 sites were classified into four groups of those in Hokkaido, urban areas, rural areas and Okinawa by the location of residence, and relation of findings serum lipid analyses with nutrient intakes was examined. In the Hokkaido group, cholesterol and triglyceride in serum, and intake of animal fat and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were lower in the second survey than in the first survey. In the urban group, serum cholesterol, and intakes of animal fats and SFAs were the highest among the four groups both in the first and second surveys. In contrast, serum cholesterol, and intakes of animal fats and SFAs in the rural group were lower than the levels in other groups in the first survey, but the three groups in the second survey. In Okinawa, serum cholesterol was lower than others in the second survey. Intake of fat-based energy was high, but intakes of monounsaturated fatty acids and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids were also high. When all subjects were combined, the serum cholesterol level was 193mg/100ml (as an arithmetic mean) in the first survey and it was 202 mg/100 ml in the second survey, and this increase was paralleled by the increase in the number of aged survey subjects. Serum triglyceride level was 111mg/100ml in the first survey, and 99 mg/dl in the second survey. The reduction may be attributable to the reduced nutrient intake among young people. Serum cholesterol correlated significantly with intake of animal fats and SFAs, but the correlation with total energy intake was significant only in the second survey. BMI correlated significantly with serum triglyceride levels in both surveys, but the correlation coefficient was smaller in the second survey than in the first survey. There was no correlation between BMI and serum cholesterol in both surveys.